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古蘭經與科學
古蘭經與科學
「古蘭經與科學」這一話題正變得日益重要,因為穆斯林不僅試圖將古蘭經描述為與現代科學並無衝突,甚至更強地宣稱古蘭經預言了現代科學發現。許多穆斯林將此作為古蘭經神聖起源的重要證據。
他們下一步的計畫就是呼籲所有聽到的這種論調的人在此基礎上成為穆斯林。
既然我們不相信古蘭經來自神(真主),因此我們必須回應這些說法,並且很快將對這個話題的各樣細節進行非常徹底的調查。
在準備好更全面的文章資料庫之前,請查看「古蘭經、伊斯蘭和科學」( https://www.answeringislam.org/Science/index.html )板塊中的連結和文章。
不過,在「反駁『這是真相』」( https://www.answeringislam.org/Responses/It-is-truth/index.htm )板塊中,我們已經對宣傳這種做法的主要伊斯蘭網站上的所有材料做出了系統回應。
整個論點都是謬誤:《在古蘭經中可以找到「現代科學」嗎?》(Can "Modern Science" be found in the Qur'an?)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Andy/fallacies.html )
《科學與伊斯蘭》(Science and Islam)( https://www.answeringislam.org/authors/rark/science_islam.html )這一文章解釋了為什麼伊斯蘭和科學無法友好相處。
穆斯林所宣傳的主要議題似乎是關於胚胎學方面的主張,因此下面進行了更新的討論:
胚胎學與 古蘭經
古蘭經中的胚胎學(【1】( http://www.ummah.org.uk/science/viewscfeature1.php?scfid=9&scTopicID=3 ),【2】( http://www.quran.org.uk/ieb_quran_embryology.htm ),【3】( http://www.islam101.com/science/embryo.html ),【4】( https://geocities.restorativland.org/Athens/Acropolis/6808/embriology.html ),【5】( https://www.montazar.net/eng/menu/1/quran/article/embryology.htm ))【穆斯林的論點】
反駁:
《古蘭經和聖訓中記載的希臘人和猶太人關於生育的觀念》(Greek and Jewish ideas about reproduction in the Qur’an and hadith)( http://quranspotlight.wordpress.com/articles/quran-hadith-talmud-galen/ ),馬丁·塔維里爾(Martin Taverille)
《古蘭經中的ALAQA(凝塊?)和其他胚胎階段》(‘ALAQA (clot?) and other embryological stages in the Qur'an)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/alaqa.html ),坎貝爾博士(Dr. W. F. Campbell)
再看一下《古蘭經中的胚胎學》(Embryology in the Qur'an)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/embryo.html ),拉克坦提烏斯(Lactantius)
對伊萊亞斯卡里姆(Elias Karim)上述回應的答覆如下:
歷史方面( https://www.answeringislam.org/Responses/Saifullah/embryo.htm )(拉克坦提烏斯)
釋經方面( https://www.answeringislam.org/Responses/Saifullah/embryo2.htm )(Jochen Katz)
阿卜杜拉·伊本·亞當(Abdullah ibn Adam)的回應( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/embryo_r.htm )和拉克坦提烏斯的答覆
古蘭經胚胎學( http://www.reocities.com/freethoughtmecca/embryo.html )(優素福·尼達姆博士(Dr. Yusuf Needham)和巴特魯斯·尼德比爾博士(Dr. Butrus Needbeer))
對「這是真相」關於胚胎學的文章的回應:第2( https://www.answeringislam.org/Responses/It-is-truth/chap02.htm )、3( https://www.answeringislam.org/Responses/It-is-truth/chap03.htm )、4( https://www.answeringislam.org/Responses/It-is-truth/chap04.htm )、5( https://www.answeringislam.org/Responses/It-is-truth/chap05.htm )、6( https://www.answeringislam.org/Responses/It-is-truth/chap06.htm )章
《關於精液生產的古蘭經內容》(The Qur'an on semen production)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/semenproduction.htm )
《關於人類起源的完整經文列表》(Complete list of verses on man's origin)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/embryo.complete.html )
兩個前胚胎期階段?( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/pre-embryo.html )
胚胎是「黏附的東西」嗎?( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/clings.html )
關於古蘭經中胚胎學的科學事實的評論( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/embryology.html )
對布凱勒博士(Dr. Bucaille )的《聖經、古蘭經與科學》(The Bible, the Qur'an and Science)的回應( https://www.answeringislam.org/Responses/Bucaille/index.htm )
對沙比爾·艾利(Shabir Ally)「古蘭經中的科學」( https://www.answeringislam.org/Responses/Shabir-Ally/index.html#science_in_quran )系列的反駁
宇宙的結構
《古蘭經與地球的形狀》(The Quran and the Shape of the Earth)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Shamoun/whale_nun.htm )
《地球的形狀》(The Shape of the Earth)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/earth_shape.html )
《山脈是阻止地球震動的「樁子」嗎?》(Are Mountains “Pegs” Which Prevent the Earth from Shaking?)( https://www.answeringislam.org/authors/vargo/mountains_pegs.html )
《地球的自轉》(The Rotation of the Earth)( https://www.answeringislam.org/authors/masihiyyen/dishonesty_rotation_earth.html )和《地球自轉的方向》(The Direction of Rotation of the Earth)( https://www.answeringislam.org/authors/katz/rebuttals/yahya/clouds.html )
《七層大地的存在和位置》(The Existence and Location of the Seven Earths)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/seven_earths.html )
《伊斯蘭與日落》(Islam and the Setting of the Sun)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/sun_set.html )
《日出和日落的不同時間點》(Different Points in the Rising and Setting of the Sun)( https://www.answeringislam.org/authors/katz/rebuttals/yahya/sunrise_points.html )
《像月球軌道出現一樣的日期分支的科學神蹟》(The scientific miracle of the date branch like appearance of the moon orbit)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Authors/Hudhud/moon_orbit.html )
《雷霆與月亮》(The Thunder and the Moon)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Shamoun/thunder.htm )
《天文學與古蘭經》(Astronomy and the Qur'an)( http://www.muslimhope.com/AstronomyAndTheQuran.htm )
《古蘭經與紅玫瑰星雲》(The Qur'an and the Red Rose Nebula)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/rose-nebula.html )
雜集:
《月光是反射光》(Moon Light is Reflected Light)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/moonlight_wc.html )
《古蘭經與雨水》(The Qur'an and rain)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/rain.htm )
《古蘭經關於水的談論》(The Qur'an on Water)( http://www.reocities.com/freethoughtmecca/water.html )(水與地下水等之間的屏障 )
《雄性和雌性水果?》(Male and Female Fruits?)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Contra/sexy_fruits.html )
《挪亞方舟還是挪亞汽船?》(Noah’s Ark Or Noah’s Steamboat?)( https://www.answeringislam.org/authors/masihiyyen/noahs_ark.html )
《古蘭經在你的DNA!》(Qur'an in your DNA!)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/dna.htm )
《鳥類如何飛翔》(How Birds Fly)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/birds_flight.html )
《古蘭經中會說話的螞蟻?》(Talking Ants in the Qur'an?)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Responses/Menj/ants.htm )
《伊斯蘭的奇異寓言》(The Amazing Fables of Islam)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Shamoun/yafoor.htm )
《扎伊德·伊本·阿姆魯·伊本·努法伊爾的宇宙觀及其對古蘭經的影響》(Zaid ibn Amr ibn Nufail's Cosmological Views and Their Influence on the Quran)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/pre-islamic_hanifs.htm )
《古蘭經是否預言了宇航員將月球岩石帶回地球的具體時間?》(Did the Qur'an prophesy the exact time when astronauts would bring rocks from the moon to the earth?)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Emails/moon_prophecy.htm )
《伊斯蘭與精靈和龍的魔法世界》(Islam and the Magical World of Genies and Dragons)( https://www.answeringislam.org/Shamoun/jinn_dragons.htm )
科學與聖訓(穆罕默德自己的理解… )
人體有360個關節( https://www.answeringislam.org/Responses/Osama/360joints.htm )
穆罕默德和90英尺高的阿丹( https://www.answeringislam.org/Responses/Osama/90feet-adam.htm )
後續:庸醫簡介II:奧薩馬·阿卜杜拉案(Profiles in Quackery II: The Case of Osama Abdallah )( http://www.reocities.com/freethoughtmecca/profiles2.html )
飲用被死驢污染的水安全嗎?( http://www.answeringmuslims.com/2009/02/is-it-safe-to-drink-water-polluted-by.html )
聖訓宇宙論( https://www.answeringislam.org/Shamoun/hadith_cosmology.htm )
火與海洋( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/volcanoes.html )
開始奔跑的石頭( https://www.answeringislam.org/Hadith/runaway_stone.html )
蠅翼藥( https://www.answeringislam.org/Quran/Science/flies.html )
歷史、考古學…
哈曼騙局( https://www.answeringislam.org/authors/katz/haman.html )
「國家地理」對「Iram」的真實評價( https://www.answeringislam.org/Hoaxes/iram.html )
其他網站上評價關於古蘭經與科學的說法的文章:
重新詮釋的神蹟( http://www.reocities.com/freethoughtmecca/miracle_of_reinterpretation.htm )
阿里·希納(Ali Sina)( https://www.faithfreedom.org/debates/NaikCampbellintro.htm )評論扎克爾·納伊克博士(Dr. Zakir Naik)和威廉·坎貝爾博士(Dr. William Campbell)之間關於《古蘭經和聖經科學視角》(The Qur’an and the Bible in the Light of Science)的話題的辯論
伊斯蘭拯救了科學嗎?
除了伊斯蘭文獻中關於神蹟的科學啟示的說法外,還有一種說法認為,西方世界丟失了所有古代科學,而伊斯蘭學者們則將其拯救,並從中重新學習。關於伊斯蘭在中世紀對科學的貢獻,存在著許多令人讚歎的主張和理論。然而,這些理論在學術界正面臨越來越多的挑戰:
伊斯蘭鼓勵科學進步嗎?( https://www.answeringislam.org/authors/roark/rebuttals/zawadi/science_advancement.html )
信奉基督教的西方是否虧欠信奉伊斯蘭的東方?( https://www.answeringislam.org/authors/thomas/west_owes_islam.html )
誇大伊斯蘭在科學史上的作用( http://americanthinker.com/articles.php?article_id=4685 )
伊斯蘭哲學的不那麼黃金的時代( http://americanthinker.com/articles.php?article_id=4744 )
大分裂:伊斯蘭的失敗與西方的勝利( http://www.reginaorthodoxpress.com/greatdivide.html )
這篇文章翻譯自在線文章「Qur'an and Science」